table theory table


all lamp comparison

all lamps side effect incandescent FluorescentMarket LEDUpright Lighting LEDimpact on vision and health
low frequency visible flicker Yes Yes without PFC some have No Cause myopia; headaches, migraines, fatigue, epilepsy, and other neurological responses; Degrade reading performance;provide a distraction or annoyance for sensitive individuals.
infrared Yes No Some have No ocular lens damage, continuous wave retinal damage; lens protein denaturation and cataracts This is photothermal damage.
peak strong light Yes Yes Some have No keratitis (corneal epidermal necrosis, loss), eye pain, photophobia and tearing. Injury to corneal, lens, retina; Vitreous injury;dry eye; photoreceptor cell damage; age-related macular degeneration; macular retinal choroidal damage.
ultraviolet No Yes Some have No cataract,premature presbyopia,Pterygion; Retinal degeneration, retinal damage,photochemical lesions in the neural retina and retinal pigment epithelium; macular disease, blurred vision and image distortion symptoms. Chronic blepharitis, conjunctivitis, conjunctival elasticity and gloss loss, and pigment hyperplasia. UV-induced electric photophthalmia; customary system electric ophthalmia, the ultraviolet radiation keratoconjunctivitis. Skin aging black or skin cancer;This is photochemical damage.
unsafe electromagnetic raidiation Yes Yes Some have No 1)cell carcinoma induction; 2)abnormal hormone; 3)intense calcium loss; 4) triggering dementia; 5)abnormal pregnancy and abnormal birth; 6)high blood pressure and heart disease; 7) electromagnetic hypersensitivity; 8) depression increase.
high frequency invisible flicker No Yes Yes No Retinal degeneration,Choroidal neovascularization,photomechanical damage;headaches and eye strain.
low frequency ripple flicker Yes Yes Yes No Cause myopia; headaches, migraines, fatigue, epilepsy, and other neurological responses. Degrade reading performance, provide a distraction or annoyance for sensitive individuals.
unsafe blue light Yes Yes Yes No veiling glare intense enough to degrade visual performance,macular degeneration and other vision problem, photochemical damage and apoptotic cell death, and retinal injury. Blue light induce damage to retinal pigmented epithelial cells.
dimming high frequency flicker Yes Yes Yes No Retinal degeneration,Choroidal neovascularization,photomechanical damage

flicker photo of different lamps

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Lamps and impact on health

low frequency flicker light: cause myopia

infra red:continuous wave retinal damage; lens protein denaturation

high frequency flicker light: retinal degeneration

peak strong light on retina: photoreceptor cell damage

ultra violet: cataract

high frequency flicker light: retina degeneration

unsafe blue light: macular degeneration

strong green or red light: cause myopia